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1.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 35(1): 45-48, mar. 2024. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1551689

ABSTRACT

El tumor neuroectodérmico maligno del tracto gastrointestinal es una neoplasia rara con pocos casos reportados en la literatura, especialmente en América Latina. Descrito por primera vez en 2003, se trata de una entidad sin tratamiento estandarizado y de pobre pronóstico. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 22 años de edad que acude a la consulta por dolor abdominal, anemia y masa abdominal palpable. Luego de estudios pertinentes se decide la conducta resectiva y el posterior tratamiento oncológico. (AU)


Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor (GNET), formerly known as clear cell sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract, is an extremely rare tumor of mesenchymal origin, which presents great microscopic and molecular similarity to clear cell sarcoma found in other parts of the body, such as tendons and aponeurosis. It is characterized by its rapid evolution, high recurrence rate and frequent diagnosis as metastatic disease.1,2 (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Sarcoma, Clear Cell/pathology , Neuroectodermal Tumors/pathology , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods , Immunohistochemistry , S100 Proteins/analysis , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/surgery , Ileum/surgery
2.
Hepatología ; 5(1): 87-96, ene 2, 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1532862

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hipertensión portal (HTP) se define como una elevación anormal de la presión venosa en el sistema portal que lleva al desarrollo de vías colaterales para desviar el flujo sanguíneo de la zona. Dentro de su etiología están las relacionadas con la cirrosis hepática y otras causas denominadas no cirróticas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los principales hallazgos demográficos, clínicos y paraclínicos en un grupo de pacientes con HTP, y determinar el uso de ayudas invasivas y no invasivas, y su disponibilidad para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de los pacientes en los centros que no cuentan con laboratorio de hemodinamia hepática, reflejando la dinámica de múltiples escenarios en Colombia. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, retrospectivo, en pacientes atendidos en una institución de tercer nivel del sur de Colombia, entre enero del año 2015 y diciembre del año 2020. Resultados. Se obtuvo una muestra de 61 pacientes en donde la mayoría de casos correspondían a hombres en la séptima década de la vida, procedentes del área urbana. La principal causa de consulta fue el sangrado digestivo (39,3 %), asociado a la presencia de telangiectasias (arañas vasculares) en el 37,2 %, seguido de circulación colateral (31,3 %) e ictericia (19,7 %). En la ecografía abdominal (realizada en el 57,4 % de los pacientes) predominaron la cirrosis (68 %) y la presencia de esplenomegalia (14,2 %), y en lospacientes con Doppler portal (realizado en el 16,4 %) se encontró hígado cirrótico (80 %) y dilatación portal (40 %). Con respecto a los hallazgos en la esofagogastroduodenoscopia predominó la presencia de várices esofágicas y gastritis crónica. Conclusión. El principal motivo de consulta fue el sangrado digestivo, en tanto que la cirrosis fue el antecedente y el hallazgo imagenológico más frecuente, seguido de las várices esofágicas. Se encontró que el uso de paraclínicos, ecografía abdominal, ecografía con Doppler portal y esofagogastroduodenoscopia fueron los más utilizados en el contexto clínico de los pacientes con el diagnóstico de HTP.


Introduction. Portal hypertension (PHT) is defined as an abnormal elevation of venous pressure in the portal system that leads to the development of collateral pathways to divert blood flow from the area. Within its etiology are those related to liver cirrhosis and other so-called non cirrhotic causes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the main demographic, clinical and paraclinical findings in a group of patients with PHT, and to determine the use of invasive and non-invasive aids, and their availability for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients in centers that do not have a hepatic hemodynamics laboratory, reflecting the dynamics of multiple scenarios in Colombia. Methodology. A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted in patients attended in a third level institution in Southern Colombia, between January 2015 and December 2020. Results. A sample of 61 patients was obtained where the majority of cases corresponded to men in the seventh decade of life, from the urban area. The main cause of consultation was digestive bleeding (39.3%), associated with the presence of telangiectasias (spider veins) in 37.2%, followed by collateral circulation (31.3%) and jaundice (19.7%). In abdominal ultrasound (performed in 57.4% of the patients), cirrhosis (68%) and the presence of splenomegaly (14.2%) predominated, and in patients with portal Doppler (performed in 16.4%), cirrhotic liver (80%) and portal dilatation (40%) were found. With respect to the findings in the esophagogastroduodenoscopy, esophageal varices and chronic gastritis were predominant. Conclusion. The main reason for consultation was gastrointestinal bleeding, while cirrhosis was the most frequent history and imaging finding, followed by esophageal varices. It was found that the use of paraclinics, abdominal ultrasound, ultrasound with portal Doppler and esophagogastroduodenoscopy were the most used in the clinical context of patients diagnosed with PHT.

3.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 61: e23103, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1533823

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: To assess the efficacy of applying the endoscopic reference score for EoE (EREFS) in children with symptoms of esophageal dysfunction naïve to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing reports and photographs of upper gastrointestinal endoscopies (UGE) and esophageal biopsies of patients with symptoms of esophageal dysfunction. Patients who were treated with PPI or had other conditions that may cause esophageal eosinophilia were excluded. Results: Of the 2,036 patients evaluated, endoscopic findings of EoE were identified in 248 (12.2%) and more than one abnormality was observed in 167 (8.2%). Among all patients, 154 (7.6%) presented esophageal eosinophilia (≥15 eosinophils per high power field) (P<0.01). In this group, 30 patients (19.5%) had normal endoscopy. In patients with EoE, edema (74% vs 6.5%, P<0.01) and furrows (66.2% vs 2.4%, P<0.01) were more prevalent than in the control group. Association of edema and furrows was more frequent in patients with EoE than in the control group (29.2% vs 1.6%, P<0.01, OR=24.7, CI=15.0-40.5). The presence of more than one endoscopic finding had sensitivity of 80.5%, specificity of 93.4%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 50%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 98.3%, and accuracy of 92.4%. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed that endoscopic features suggestive of EoE had high specificity and NPV for diagnosing EoE in children naïve to PPI therapy. These findings highlight the importance of the EREFS in contributing to early identification of inflammatory and fibrostenosing characteristics of EoE, making it possible to identify and to avoid progression of the disease.


RESUMO Contexto: Avaliar a eficácia da aplicação do escore de referência endoscópico para EoE (EREFS) em crianças com sintomas de disfunção esofágica sem tratamento prévio com inibidores da bomba de prótons (IBP). Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal observacional por meio de revisão de laudos e fotos de endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA) e biópsias de esôfago de pacientes com sintomas de disfunção esofágica. Pacientes tratados com IBP ou com outras condições que podem causar eosinofilia esofágica foram excluídos. Resultados: Dos 2.036 pacientes avaliados, os achados endoscópicos de EoE foram identificados em 248 (12,2%) e mais de uma anormalidade foi observada em 167 (8,2%). Entre todos os pacientes, 154 (7,6%) apresentaram eosinofilia esofágica (≥15 eosinófilos por campo de grande aumento) (P<0,01). Nesse grupo, 30 pacientes (19,5%) apresentaram endoscopia normal. Em pacientes com EoE, edema (74% vs 6,5%, P<0,01) e linhas verticais (66,2% vs 2,4%, P<0,01) foram mais prevalentes quando comparados ao grupo controle. A associação de edema e linhas verticais foi mais frequente em pacientes com EoE do que no grupo controle (29,2% vs 1,6%, P<0,01, OR=24,7, IC=15,0-40,5). A presença de mais de um achado endoscópico teve sensibilidade de 80,5%, especificidade de 93,4%, valor preditivo positivo de 50%, valor preditivo negativo de 98,3% e acurácia de 92,4%. Conclusão: Em conclusão, esse estudo mostrou que as características endoscópicas sugestivas de EoE apresentam especificidade e VPN elevados para o diagnóstico da enfermidade em crianças sem tratamento prévio com IBP. Estes achados reforçam a importância do EREFS em contribuir para a identificação precoce de características inflamatórias e fibroestenosantes, possibilitando identificar e evitar a progressão da doença.

4.
Journal of Clinical Hepatology ; (12): 83-88, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1006431

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of the composition of intestinal flora and the serum level of endotoxin in cirrhotic patients with malnutrition, and to provide new diagnosis and treatment ideas for improving the nutritional status of patients with liver cirrhosis. MethodsA total of 58 patients with liver cirrhosis who were hospitalized in Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, from March 2021 to November 2022 were enrolled as experimental group (LC group), and according to the Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool, they were divided into low malnutrition risk group (LC-A group with 28 patients) and moderate/high malnutrition risk group (LC-B group with 30 patients); 25 individuals who underwent physical examination during the same period of time were enrolled as control group (HC group). Peripheral blood and feces samples were collected from all subjects. The limulus amebocyte lysate gel method was used to measure the concentration of endotoxin in peripheral blood, and high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate the characteristics of intestinal flora. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups; a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t-test were used for further comparison between two groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison between multiple groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Spearman test was used for correlation analysis. ResultsThere were significant differences between the three groups in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (H=7.054, P<0.05), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (H=9.644, P<0.05), albumin (Alb) (F=32.768, P<0.05), total bilirubin (TBil) (H=20.980, P<0.05), and serum endotoxin (F=108.672, P<0.05). There was a significant difference in Chao1 index between the three groups (F=5.110, P=0.008) and between the HC group and the LC-B group (P<0.05). Compared with the HC group, the LC-A group and the LC-B group had significant reductions in Chao1 index and Shannon index, and there was a significant difference in Chao1 index between the HC group and the LC-B group (P<0.05). At the phylum level, the intestinal flora in each group was mainly composed of Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteriota, accounting for more than 95% of all phyla, and there was a significant difference in the relative abundance of Firmicutes between the HC group and the LC-B group (P<0.05). Serum endotoxin was significantly negatively correlated with Ruminococcaceae (r=-0.420, P=0.007), and spirochete was significantly positively correlated with TBil (r=0.419, P=0.007) and was significantly negatively correlated with Alb (r=-0.492, P=0.001). ConclusionThere are unique changes in intestinal flora in cirrhotic patients with malnutrition, and differentially expressed flora are associated with endotoxemia. Improving intestinal microecology in liver cirrhosis may help to improve nutritional status.

5.
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine ; (6): 104-108, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005917

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the spatial distribution of Helicobacter Pylori (Hp) infection and its correlation with gastrointestinal tumors in the physical examination population of Xi'an city, and to provide reference for the prevention of gastrointestinal tumors in this area. Methods A total of 23 200 subjects who underwent physical examination in 25 public hospitals in Xi'an from January 2019 to January 2023 were selected as the research objects. The basic Information of the patients was derived through the Hospital Information System (HIS), and all subjects underwent 13C-breath test and gastroenterological endoscope. ArcGIS 10.6 software was used to draw a statistical map of Hp infection in Xi 'an for spatial autocorrelation analysis. Hp infection in patients with different gastrointestinal tumors was analyzed. Results In this study population, there were 10 858 cases of Hp infection , with an infection rate of 46.80% ; among them , 5 491 cases were male, with an infection rate of 46.60% , and 5,367 cases were female, with an infection rate of 47.01% , and there was no significant difference in the infection rate between genders (P>0.05). The prevalence of HP infection was higher in the 30-year-old and 20-year-old groups, 55.62% and 42.71%, respectively, and the infection rate showed a first increase and then a decreasing trend with age (χ2trend = 6201.21, 6945.22 , P2=13.49, 16.16, 17.27, 24.66, P<0.05 for all). Conclusion The distribution of Hp infection in the physical examination population of Xi'an city has the characteristics of spatial aggregation and is related to gastrointestinal tumor diseases. It is suggested to carry out Hp infection education for the population in key areas to prevent the occurrence of gastrointestinal tumor diseases.

6.
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine ; (6): 100-103, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005916

ABSTRACT

Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological trend of children with lower gastrointestinal bleeding in recent 10 years,and investigate the change of their disease burden,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the accurate prevention and control of children's lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods A total of 671 children with "lower gastrointestinal bleeding" who were diagnosed in our hospital from 2012 to 2021 were collected as research subjects. To analyze the microscopic examination rate and common etiology of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children in the past 10 years,as well as the epidemiological characteristics of different age groups, different regions and different basic diseases; Calculate and compare the rate of disability life lost (YLD), early death life lost (YLL) and disability adjusted life year (DALY) of children with lower gastrointestinal bleeding within 10 years, and calculate the annual change percentage (AAPC) to analyze the change trend of disease burden. Results The microscopic examination rate of children with lower gastrointestinal bleeding showed a trend of increasing in the past 10 years (P18 years old, hypertension and gastroenteritis. The DALY rate, YLL rate and YLD rate caused by lower gastrointestinal bleeding in the past 10 years showed an upward trend (P<0.05). Conclusion The microscopic examination rate of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children was graduallyincreasing,and the prevalence rate of basic diseases such as boys,hypertension and gastroenteritis was increasing;in addition,the disease burden caused by children's lower gastrointestinal bleeding was also increasing year by year and should be protected.

7.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535944

ABSTRACT

Primary anorectal melanoma is a rare malignant melanocytic neoplasm; its principal manifestation is rectal bleeding. It has an ominous prognosis with a five-year survival rate of 10%. The case of a 56-year-old woman with rectal bleeding and the sensation of a rectal mass is presented. A polypoid lesion, resected transanally, was documented in the distal rectum during the colonoscopy. The histological study confirmed a primary anorectal melanoma.


El melanoma anorrectal primario es una neoplasia melanocítica maligna poco frecuente, su principal manifestación es el sangrado rectal. Tiene un pronóstico ominoso con una tasa de sobrevida del 10% a 5 años. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 56 años con rectorragia y sensación de masa rectal. Durante la colonoscopia se documentó una lesión polipoide en el recto distal, que se resecó por vía transanal. El estudio histológico confirmó la presencia de un melanoma anorrectal primario.

8.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535947

ABSTRACT

Introduction: There is no clarity about manometric findings in patients with proctalgia fugax; evidence shows different results. This study aims to evaluate dyssynergic defecation through anorectal manometry in Colombian patients in two gastroenterology centers in Bogotá, Colombia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study in adult patients with proctalgia fugax undergoing anorectal manometry and treated in two gastroenterology centers in Bogotá between 2018 and 2020. Results: 316 patients were included, predominantly women (65%), with a median age of 45.2 (range: 18-78; standard deviation [SD]: 28.3). Four percent of patients had hypertonicity, 50% were normotonic, and 46% were hypotonic. Regarding manometric parameters, 50% had normal pressure, and 46% had anal sphincter hypotonia; 76% had a normal voluntary contraction test. Dyssynergic defecation was documented in 5% of patients, and the most frequent was type I, followed by type III. A rectoanal inhibitory reflex was identified in all patients, 42% with altered sensory threshold and 70% with abnormal balloon expulsion. There was an agreement between the results of the anorectal manometry and the subjective report of the digital rectal exam by the head nurse who performed the procedure. Conclusions: The data obtained in the present study suggest that proctalgia is not related to the elevated and sustained basal contracture of the sphincter but neither to the alteration in voluntary contraction since most patients have typical values.


Introducción: Actualmente, no hay claridad acerca de los hallazgos manométricos en pacientes con proctalgia fugaz, y la evidencia muestra diferentes resultados. Se plantea como objetivo en el presente estudio evaluar la presencia de disinergia defecatoria con manometría anorrectal en pacientes colombianos en dos centros de gastroenterología en Bogotá, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en pacientes adultos sometidos a manometría anorrectal con proctalgia fugaz y atendidos en dos centros de gastroenterología de la ciudad de Bogotá entre el 2018 y el 2020. Resultados: Se incluyó a 316 pacientes, predominantemente mujeres (65%), con mediana de edad 45,2 (rango: 18-78; desviación estándar [DE]: 28,3). El 4% de los pacientes presentaban hipertonicidad, el 50% eran normotónicos y el 46%, hipotónicos. En cuanto a parámetros manométricos, el 50% tenía presión normal y el 46%, hipotonía de esfínter anal. El 76% tuvo una prueba de contracción voluntaria normal. En 5% pacientes se documentó disinergia defecatoria, y la más frecuente fue el tipo I, seguido del tipo III. En todos los pacientes se identificó reflejo recto anal inhibitorio, 42% con alteración en umbral sensitivo y 70% con expulsión de balón anormal, y hubo concordancia entre los resultados de la manometría anorrectal y el reporte subjetivo del tacto rectal de la jefe de enfermería que realizó el procedimiento. Conclusiones: Los datos obtenidos en el presente estudio sugieren que la proctalgia no está relacionada con la contractura basal elevada y sostenida del esfínter, pero tampoco con la alteración en la contracción voluntaria, ya que la mayoría de los pacientes presentan valores normales.

9.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 62(4)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1550844

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La hemorragia digestiva alta tiene una elevada morbimortalidad. La endoscopía digestiva alta es el estudio de elección para su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Objetivo: Describir la conducta ante la hemorragia digestiva alta. Métodos: Para la revisión bibliográfica se consultaron artículos científicos indexados en idioma español e inglés, relacionados con la hemorragia digestiva, publicados en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, Medline y Cochrane, pertenecientes a autores dedicados al estudio de este tema. Desarrollo: La hemorragia digestiva alta se clasifica, según la etiología de origen, en variceal y no variceal. La mayoría de los pacientes con hemorragia digestiva alta el sangrado se autolimita. La causa más habitual es la úlcera péptica, pero en caso de sangrado masivo la etiología más frecuente es la variceal. El empleo precoz de la terlipresina en los pacientes con hemorragia digestiva alta variceal mejora el control del sangrado y disminuye la mortalidad. Se debe hacer uso de escalas validadas de estratificación del riesgo: escala de riesgo de Rockall (tiene como propósito principal predecir la mortalidad y riesgo de resangrado del paciente) y la escala de Glasgow-Blatchford). Conclusiones: Sospechar la presencia de hemorragia digestiva alta, estratificar su riesgo e instaurar el manejo inicial y apropiado constituye una prioridad para el médico de urgencia(AU)


Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding presents high morbidity and mortality. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the study of choice for its diagnosis and treatment. Objective: To describe the management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: For the bibliographic review, the consultation was carried out of scientific articles indexed in Spanish and English, related to gastrointestinal bleeding, published in the databases PubMed, SciELO, Medline and Cochrane, belonging to authors dedicated to the study of this subject. Development: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is classified, according to the etiology of origin, into variceal and nonvariceal. In most patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding the bleeding as such is self-limiting. The most common cause is peptic ulcer; however, in the case of massive bleeding, the most frequent etiology is variceal. Early use of terlipressin in patients with variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding improves bleeding control and decreases mortality. Validated risk stratification scales should be used: Rockall risk scale (its main purpose is to predict patient mortality and risk of bleeding recurrence) and the Glasgow-Blatchford scale. Conclusions: Suspecting the presence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, stratifying its risk, as well as instituting initial and appropriate management, are a priority for the emergency physician(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods , Terlipressin/therapeutic use , Hemorrhage/etiology , Review Literature as Topic , Databases, Bibliographic
10.
Rev. cuba. med ; 62(4)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1550899

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las infecciones intestinales se relacionan con trastornos del sistema inmune y de la microbiota intestinal. Pueden ser recurrentes y producir otras alteraciones intestinales y sistémicas, que empeoran con la terapia antimicrobiana. La ozonoterapia ha sido usada en el tratamiento de infecciones intestinales. Objetivos: Recopilar información sobre los efectos biológicos, terapéuticos y la seguridad de la administración del ozono por insuflación rectal en el tratamiento de las infecciones intestinales. Métodos: Para la búsqueda de información se empleó el motor de búsqueda Google Académico. Se consultaron artículos en las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO de la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud. Además, se realizó una búsqueda general en los idiomas español e inglés, a partir de los artículos más relevantes acerca del estudio. Se utilizaron como palabras clave: infecciones, insuflación, microbioma gastrointestinal, ozono como términos más concretos. En el estudio no se aplicó ninguna restricción acerca del ámbito geográfico ni de la edad. Conclusiones: La aplicación rectal de ozono es segura, tiene acciones biológicas y terapéuticas útiles para tratar las infecciones intestinales. Actúa como inmunomodulador y protector de la microbiota intestinal, lo que permite enfrentar esta problemática de salud desde el punto de vista preventivo, curativo y de rehabilitación de los daños causados, tanto por los gérmenes como por los efectos de los antibióticos(AU)


Introduction: Intestinal infections are related to disorders of the immune system and intestinal microbiota. They can be recurrent and produce other intestinal and systemic alterations, which worsen with antimicrobial therapy. Ozone therapy has been used in the treatment of intestinal infections. Objectives: To compile information on the biological, therapeutic effects and safety of the administration of ozone by rectal insufflation in the treatment of intestinal infections. Methods: Google Scholar search engine was used for searching information. Articles were consulted in PubMed and SciELO databases of the Virtual Health Library. In addition, a general search was carried out in Spanish and English, based on the most relevant articles about the study. The keywords used were infections, insufflation, gastrointestinal microbiome, ozone as more specific terms. No restrictions on geographic area or age were applied in the study. Conclusions: The rectal application of ozone is safe, it has useful biological and therapeutic actions to treat intestinal infections, acting as an immunomodulator and protector of the intestinal microbiota, which allows us to face this health problem from a preventive, curative and rehabilitation point of view of the damage caused, both by germs and by the effects of antibiotics(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Ozone/therapeutic use , Insufflation/methods , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology , Infections/drug therapy
11.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 43(4)oct. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536365

ABSTRACT

La amiloidosis intestinal es una enfermedad sistémica rara y subdiagnosticada, la cual se caracteriza por el depósito extracelular de proteínas que se agrupan en fibras amiloides. Esta entidad es infrecuente y suele ser una forma de presentación en el contexto de una amiloidosis sistémica, cuyo diagnóstico se basa en la presencia a amiloide en la histología. La clínica suele ser inespecífica; diarrea crónica, pérdida de peso, dolor y distensión abdominal; siendo la hemorragia digestiva una manifestación muy poco frecuente. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 61 años con clínica de baja de peso, distención abdominal, náuseas, vómitos y melena. En la tomografía se evidenció un engrosamiento mural de asas yeyunales con captación de contraste, hallazgo que se corroboró con enteroscopia anterógrada a doble balón en el cual se evidenciaron múltiples úlceras en yeyuno, signos de atrofia, friabilidad y dilatación de luz yeyunal. En la anatomía patológica se aprecia arquitectura vellositaria distorsionada y ulcerada con histoquímica positiva a Rojo Congo e inmunohistoquímica lambda (+++). Además, se realizó aspirado de médula ósea y biopsia de hueso compatible con infiltración de mieloma múltiple monoclonal a cadena Lambda. Durante la estancia hospitalaria la paciente cursó con complicaciones como la desnutrición crónica, infección recurrente y varios episodios de suboclusión intestinal; caracterizada por neumatosis intestinal; debido a múltiples episodios de estas complicaciones la paciente fallece. Dentro de la práctica clínica en gastroenterología la amiloidosis intestinal como parte del diagnóstico diferencial de la hemorragia digestiva alta es infrecuente, por lo que los antecedentes de diagnóstico de mieloma múltiple u otras gammapatías monoclonales asociadas a cadenas ligeras es crucial para un diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento adecuado.


Intestinal amyloidosis is a rare and underdiagnosed systemic disease, which is characterized by the extracellular deposition of proteins that are grouped into amyloid fibers. This entity is rare and is usually a form of presentation in the context of systemic amyloidosis, the diagnosis of which is based on the presence of amyloid in histology. The clinic is usually non-specific; chronic diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain and bloating; Gastrointestinal bleeding is a very rare manifestation. The case of a 61-year-old woman with symptoms of weight loss, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting and long hair is presented. Tomographically, a wall thickening of jejunal loops with contrast uptake was evidenced, a finding that was corroborated by a double-balloon anterograde stereoscopy in which multiple were evidenced. The pathology shows distorted and ulcerated villous architecture with positive histochemistry for Congo Red and LAMBDA (+++) immunohistochemistry. In addition, bone marrow aspirate and bone biopsy compatible with infiltration of Lambda chain monoclonal multiple myeloma were performed. During the hospital stay, the patient developed complications such as chronic malnutrition, recurrent infection and several episodes of intestinal subocclusion; characterized by intestinal pneumatosis; due to multiple episodes of these complications, the patient died. Within clinical practice in gastroenterology, intestinal amyloidosis as part of the differential diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is infrequent, so a history of diagnosis of multiple myeloma or other monoclonal gammopathy associated with light chains is crucial for early diagnosis and adequate treatment.

12.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 43(4)oct. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536366

ABSTRACT

Plexiform fibromyxoma (PF) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm of the stomach usually arising in the gastric antrum, and its main differential diagnosis is gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Most common symptoms are hematemesis, anemia. Immunohistochemically, positivity for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and vimentin suggests the diagnosis of PF. We report the case of a 56-year-old female patient with a 30- day history of nausea at presentation 4 years ago. Gastroscopy at that time revealed a subepithelial lesion (SEL) in the gastric antrum, measuring approximately 20 mm in diameter, with leakage of serous fluid after biopsy. Histopathology showed only an inflammatory process. Follow-up gastroscopies were performed 24, 36, and 48 months later, with surveillance biopsy at each follow-up. The last gastroscopies showed changes in lesion appearance, reduction in size, and absence of fluid leakage. Histopathology showed bland spindle cell proliferation, with a vaguely plexiform/multinodular pattern, in a fibromyxoid stroma with an arborizing capillary network without mitoses. The tumor cells were positive for SMA and negative for DOG1, CD117, CD34, S100, desmin, EMA, CD10, calponin, and beta-catenin. The choice of treatment and follow-up depends on the SEL features, but because no cases of malignancy or metastatic disease have previously been reported, the patient chose a conservative approach.


El fibromixoma plexiforme (FP) es una rara neoplasia mesenquimatosa del estómago que generalmente surge en el antro gástrico. Su principal diagnóstico diferencial es el tumor del estroma gastrointestinal. Los síntomas más comunes de los FP son hematemesis y anemia. Inmunohistoquímicamente, la positividad para actina del músculo liso (SMA) y vimentina sugieren el diagnóstico de FP. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 56 años de edad que inicia su enfermedad hace 4 años con náuseas de 30 días de evolución. La primera gastroscopia reveló una lesión subepitelial (SEL) en el antro gástrico, de aproximadamente 20 mm de diámetro, con fuga de líquido seroso después de la biopsia. La histopatología mostró sólo un proceso inflamatorio. Se realizaron gastroscopias de seguimiento a los 24, 36 y 48 meses con biopsia de vigilancia en cada seguimiento. Las gastroscopias siguientes mostraron cambios en la apariencia de la lesión, reducción de tamaño y ausencia de fuga de líquido. La última histopatología mostró una proliferación blanda de células fusiformes, con un patrón vagamente plexiforme/multinodular, en un estroma fibromixoide con una red de capilares arborizantes sin mitosis. Las células tumorales fueron positivas para SMA y negativas para DOG1, CD117, CD34, S100, desmina, EMA, CD10, calponina y beta-catenina. La elección del tratamiento y el seguimiento depende de las características del SEL, sin embargo, por ser una enfermedad que no presentaba rasgos de enfermedad maligna o metastásica, el paciente eligió un mantener un enfoque conservador.

13.
Cambios rev. méd ; 22 (2), 2023;22(2): 900, 16 octubre 2023. ilus, tabs
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1524723

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. La necrosis esofágica aguda es un síndrome raro que se caracteriza endoscópicamente por una apariencia negra circunferencial irregular o difusa de la mucosa esofágica intratorácica, la afectación es generalmente del esófago distal y la transición abrupta de mucosa normal en la unión gastroesofágica, con extensión proximal variable. CASOS. Se presentan dos casos con diferentes comorbiliades, presentación de signos y síntomas, antecedentes y tratamiento, teniendo en común el diagnóstico a través de endoscopía digestiva alta. RESULTADOS. Caso clínico 1: tratamiento clínico basado en hidratación, suspensión de vía oral, omeprazol intravenoso y sucralfato; mala evolución clínica caracterizada por: disfagia, intolerancia oral y recurrencia del sangrado digestivo alto, se realiza colocación de gastrostomía endoscópica. Caso clínico 2: esófago con mucosa con fibrina y parches de necrosis extensa, se realiza compensación tanto de foco infeccioso pulmonar como hidratación y nutrición, en estudios complementarios se observa masa colónica, con estudio histopatológico confirmatorio de adenocarcinoma de colon en estado avanzado. DISCUSIÓN. La esofagitis necrotizante aguda es una entidad inusual, de baja prevalencia e incidencia, asociada con estados de hipoperfusión sistémica y múltiples comorbilidades que favorezcan un sustrato isquémico. Al revisar los reportes de casos que hay en la literatura médica, los casos que reportamos se correlaciona con las características clínicas, epidemiológicas, endoscópicas y factores de riesgo causales de la enfermedad. La presentación clínica más frecuente es el sangrado digestivo alto, que se debe correlacionar con el hallazgo endoscópico clásico. Nuestro primer caso reportado termina con la colocación de una gastrostomía para poder alimentarse. CONCLUSIÓN. El pronóstico de la necrosis esofágica aguda es malo y se requiere un alto índice de sospecha clínica y conocimiento de esta infrecuente patología para un diagnóstico temprano y un manejo oportuno. Se requiere una evaluación por endoscopia digestiva alta. Es una causa de sangrado gastrointestinal que conlleva tasas altas de mortalidad, principalmente en adultos mayores frágiles. El reconocimiento temprano y la reanimación agresiva son los principios fundamentales para un mejor resultado de la enfermedad.


INTRODUCTION. Acute esophageal necrosis is a rare syndrome that is characterized endoscopically by an irregular or diffuse circumferential black appearance of the intrathoracic esophageal mucosa, the involvement is generally of the distal esophagus and the abrupt transition of normal mucosa at the gastroesophageal junction, with variable proximal extension. CASES. Two cases are presented with different comorbidities, presentation of signs and symptoms, history and treatment, having in common the diagnosis through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. RESULTS. Clinical case 1: clinical treatment based on hydration, oral suspension, intravenous omeprazole and sucralfate; poor clinical evolution characterized by: dysphagia, oral intolerance and recurrence of upper digestive bleeding, endoscopic gastrostomy placement was performed. Clinical case 2: esophagus with mucosa with fibrin and patches of extensive necrosis, compensation of both the pulmonary infectious focus and hydration and nutrition is performed, in complementary studies a colonic mass is observed, with a confirmatory histopathological study of colon adenocarcinoma in an advanced state. DISCUSSION. Acute necrotizing esophagitis is an unusual entity, with low prevalence and incidence, associated with states of systemic hypoperfusion and multiple comorbidities that favor an ischemic substrate. When reviewing the case reports in the medical literature, the cases we report correlate with the clinical, epidemiological, endoscopic characteristics and causal risk factors of the disease. The most common clinical presentation is upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which must be correlated with the classic endoscopic finding. Our first reported case ends with the placement of a gastrostomy to be able to feed. CONCLUSION. The prognosis of acute esophageal necrosis is poor and a high index of clinical suspicion and knowledge of this rare pathology is required for early diagnosis and timely management. Evaluation by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is required. It is a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding that carries high mortality rates, mainly in frail older adults. Early recognition and aggressive resuscitation are the fundamental principles for a better outcome of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Gastrostomy , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Esophageal Diseases , Gastroenterology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Necrosis , Pathology , Omeprazole , Sucralfate , Deglutition Disorders , Mortality , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Ecuador , Esophageal Mucosa
14.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 38(4)20230906.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535871

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los quistes de duplicación duodenal son malformaciones raras, que ocurren durante el desarrollo embriológico del tracto gastrointestinal. Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso de un niño de tres años, con cuadro clínico de dolor abdominal, náuseas y vómitos. La ecografía y la tomografía computarizada informaron una imagen quística entre el hígado, riñón derecho y colon. Resultados. Se realizó laparoscopia encontrando un quiste de duplicación duodenal con moco en la primera porción del duodeno. Se practicó una resección del quiste y mucosectomía del segmento restante. Conclusión. Los síntomas de un quiste de duplicación duodenal son inespecíficos y su hallazgo frecuentemente es incidental. El tratamiento quirúrgico depende del tamaño, la ubicación y su relación con la vía biliar.


Introduction. Duodenal duplication cysts are rare malformations that occur during the embryological development of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical case. The case of a three-year-old boy with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting is presented. Ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a cyst between the liver, right kidney, and colon. Results. Laparoscopy was performed, finding a duodenal duplication cyst with mucus in the first portion of the duodenum. A resection of the cyst and mucosectomy of the remaining segment were performed. Conclusion. The symptoms of a duodenal duplication cyst are nonspecific and its finding is frequently incidental. Surgical treatment depends on the size, location, and relationship to the bile duct.

15.
Rev. colomb. gastroenterol ; 38(3)sept. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535925

ABSTRACT

Sjögren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by dry eyes and mouth due to the involvement of exocrine glands. However, it can manifest with GI symptoms that cover a broad spectrum from esophageal and intestinal dysmotility, achalasia, hypochlorhydria, and chronic atrophic gastritis to pancreatic enzyme deficiency, biliary dysfunction, and liver cirrhosis, which varies in its clinical manifestations and is often associated with erroneous approaches. This article reviews the GI manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome. It presents the case of a woman in her eighth decade of life with this syndrome. She showed asymptomatic hepatobiliary disease, documented abnormalities in liver profile tests, and a subsequent diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis, for which she received initial treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid. During her condition, the patient has had three episodes of cholangitis, requiring endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with no findings of stones, with scant biliary sludge and discharge of purulent bile precipitated by her underlying liver disease. The association between Sjögren's syndrome and primary sclerosing cholangitis is rare and calls for special consideration.


El síndrome de Sjögren es una enfermedad autoinmune sistémica que se caracteriza por la sequedad ocular y bucal debido a la afección de glándulas exocrinas; sin embargo, puede manifestarse con síntomas gastrointestinales que abarcan un espectro amplio desde la dismotilidad esofágica e intestinal, acalasia, hipoclorhidria y gastritis crónica atrófica hasta enzimodeficiencia pancreática, disfunción biliar y cirrosis hepática, que tiene variación en sus manifestaciones clínicas y se asocia con abordajes erróneos en muchas ocasiones. En este artículo se hace una revisión acerca de las manifestaciones gastrointestinales de síndrome de Sjögren y se presenta el caso de una mujer en la octava década de la vida con este síndrome, que cursa con enfermedad hepatobiliar asintomática, documentación de alteración en pruebas de perfil hepático y diagnóstico ulterior de colangitis esclerosante primaria, por lo que recibió un tratamiento inicial con ácido ursodesoxicólico. Durante el curso de su enfermedad ha presentado 3 episodios de colangitis, con requerimiento de colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica sin hallazgos de cálculos, con escaso barro biliar y salida de bilis purulenta, precipitada por su enfermedad hepática de base. La asociación entre el síndrome de Sjögren y la colangitis esclerosante primaria es infrecuente y justifica una consideración especial.

16.
Rev. colomb. gastroenterol ; 38(3)sept. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535930

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage and luminal-apposing metal stents (LAMS) are the options for managing symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of LAMS for EUS-guided drainage of symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts in two referral centers in Colombia. Materials and methods: A multicenter prospective cohort study between June 2019 and December 2021 included 13 patients diagnosed with symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts who underwent EUS-guided drainage with LAMS. Technical success, clinical success, and successful stent removal were evaluated as outcomes. Safety outcomes included stent-related adverse events and general adverse events. Follow-up was carried out for eight weeks, collecting data on stent removal. Results: The average age was 53.4 years; 8/13 were men. The mean size of the pseudocyst was 9.56 ± 2.3 cm. Technical success was 100%, and clinical success was 92.3%. The stents were removed on average after 8 ± 2 weeks. The mean procedural time from puncture to stent deployment was 3.2 ± 2.4 minutes. In the imaging check-up, the collections had adequate drainage in all cases. There was a low frequency of complications; bleeding was documented in one case requiring surgery. Conclusions: LAMS is safe and effective in managing symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts, reducing hospital stay and cost overruns. Clinical symptomatology prevails in the surgery decision.


Introducción: el drenaje guiado por ultrasonido endoscópico (USE) y el uso de stent metálico luminal de aposición (LAMS) son de elección en el manejo de los pseudoquistes pancreáticos sintomáticos. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad y seguridad del LAMS para el drenaje por USE de pseudoquistes pancreáticos sintomáticos en dos centros de referencia en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte prospectivo multicéntrico entre junio de 2019 y diciembre de 2021, se incluyeron a 13 pacientes con diagnóstico de pseudoquistes pancreáticos sintomáticos sometidos a drenaje por USE con LAMS. Se evaluaron como desenlaces el éxito técnico, el éxito clínico y la extracción exitosa del stent. Y los desenlaces de seguridad incluyeron eventos adversos relacionados con el stent y los eventos adversos generales. Se realizó seguimiento a 8 semanas, en las que se recopilaron datos relacionados con el retiro del stent. Resultados: la edad promedio fue 53,4 años, 8/13 fueron hombres. El tamaño medio del pseudoquiste fue de 9,56 ± 2,3 cm. El éxito técnico fue del 100% y el éxito clínico fue 92,3%. Los stents fueron retirados en promedio a las 8 ± 2 semanas. El tiempo medio del procedimiento desde la punción hasta el despliegue del stent fue 3,2 ± 2,4 minutos. En el control imagenológico hubo un adecuado drenaje de las colecciones en todos los casos. Hubo baja frecuencia de complicaciones, se documentó sangrado en 1 caso con requerimiento quirúrgico. Conclusiones: el uso de LAMS es seguro y efectivo en el manejo de pseudoquistes pancreáticos sintomáticos, disminuye la estancia hospitalaria y sobrecostos. La sintomatología clínica prima en la decisión de intervención.

17.
Rev. colomb. gastroenterol ; 38(3)sept. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535935

ABSTRACT

Kaposi's sarcoma is an angioproliferative neoplasm associated with the human herpesvirus 8. According to the clinical characteristics and the degree of immunosuppression, there are four epidemiological forms: classic, endemic, iatrogenic, and epidemic. The latter is associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 40% GI involvement. There is little epidemiological, clinical, and endoscopic evidence of the disease. This study sought to characterize this condition in a Colombian population and compare the findings with publications from other countries. One hundred thirty-five records of patients who consulted between 2011 and 2020 for Kaposi's sarcoma were reviewed, of which 24 had GI involvement. Epidemiological, clinical, endoscopic, and treatment characteristics were obtained. Twenty-two patients were men. There were 21 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; 87.5%) and 19 receiving antiretroviral therapy (90%); 33.3% had HIV viral load > 100,000 copies/mL. The CD4+ count was <50 cells/µL in 28.6% of cases, between 50 and 100 cells/µL in 19.0%, and between 100 and 200 cells/µL in 14.4%. The rate of infection by other opportunistic infections was 41.7%. There were GI symptoms in 33% of the patients, and the most frequent were hematochezia, abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. Most had concomitant skin lesions (70.8%). GI lesions were located mainly in the oropharynx (41.7%), stomach (20.8%), and colon (16.7%). The most common endoscopic finding was maculopapular erythema. This article provided insight into the local epidemiology of gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma. In contrast to studies in other populations, GI symptoms were more frequent in this one, and there was a difference in endoscopic findings. Studies with larger populations are needed.


El sarcoma de Kaposi es una neoplasia angioproliferativa asociada al virus del herpes humano 8. Según las características clínicas y el grado de inmunosupresión, son cuatro las formas epidemiológicas: clásica, endémica, iatrogénica y epidémica, esta última asociada al síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA) y con un 40% de compromiso gastrointestinal. Existe escasa evidencia epidemiológica, clínica y endoscópica de la enfermedad. Este estudio buscó caracterizar esta condición en una población colombiana y contrastar los hallazgos con publicaciones de otros países. Se revisaron 135 registros de pacientes que consultaron entre el 2011 y 2020 por sarcoma de Kaposi, de los cuales 24 tenían compromiso gastrointestinal. Se obtuvieron características epidemiológicas, clínicas, endoscópicas y tratamientos. Veintidós pacientes eran hombres. Hubo 21 pacientes infectados por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH; 87,5%) y 19 recibían terapia antirretroviral (90%). El 33,3% tenía carga viral VIH > 100 000 copias/mL. El recuento de CD4+ fue < 50 cel/µL en el 28,6% de los casos, entre 50 y 100 cel/µL en el 19,0%, y entre 100 y 200 cel/µL en el 14,4%. La tasa de infecciones por otros oportunistas fue de 41,7%. Hubo síntomas gastrointestinales en el 33% de los pacientes y los más frecuentes fueron hematoquecia, dolor abdominal, náuseas y diarrea. La mayoría tuvo lesiones cutáneas concomitantes (70,8%). Las lesiones gastrointestinales se localizaron principalmente en la orofaringe (41,7%), estómago (20,8%) y colon (16,7%). El hallazgo endoscópico más común fue eritema maculopapular. Este artículo mostró una visión de la epidemiología local del sarcoma de Kaposi gastrointestinal. En contraste con estudios en otras poblaciones, en este, los síntomas gastrointestinales fueron más frecuentes y hubo diferencia en los hallazgos endoscópicos. Son necesarios estudios con poblaciones más grandes.

18.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 38(4): 704-723, 20230906. fig, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1511124

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los términos falla intestinal crónica, síndrome de intestino corto (SIC) y nutrición parenteral total son muy frecuentes en la práctica clínica cotidiana.El objetivo de esta guía fue establecer un marco de referencia de práctica clínica basado en el mejor de nivel de evidencia en pacientes con falla intestinal crónica secundaria a síndrome de intestino corto. Métodos. Se estableció un grupo de expertos interdisciplinarios en el manejo de la falla intestinal crónica quienes, previa revisión de la literatura escogida, se reunieron de manera virtual acogiendo el método Delphi para discutir una serie de preguntas seleccionadas, enfocadas en el contexto terapéutico de la falla intestinal crónica asociada al síndrome de intestino corto. Resultados. La recomendación del grupo de expertos colombianos es que se aconseje a los pacientes con SIC consumir dietas regulares de alimentos integrales que genere hiperfagia para compensar la malabsorción. Las necesidades proteicas y energéticas dependen de las características individuales de cada paciente; la adecuación del régimen debe ser evaluada a través de pruebas clínicas, antropométricas y parámetros bioquímicos. Se sugiere, especialmente a corto plazo después de la resección intestinal, el uso de análogos de somatostatina para pacientes con yeyunostomía de alto gasto en quienes el manejo de líquidos y electrolitos es problemático. En pacientes con SIC, que son candidatos a tratamiento con enterohormonas, Teduglutida es la primera opción. Conclusión. Existen recomendaciones en el manejo integral de la rehabilitación intestinal respaldadas ampliamente por este consenso y es importante el reconocimiento de alternativas terapéuticos enmarcadas en el principio de buenas prácticas clínicas.


Introduction. The terms chronic intestinal failure, short bowel syndrome (SBS), and total parenteral nutrition are very common in daily clinical practice. The objective of this guideline was to establish a reference framework for clinical practice based on the best level of evidence in patients with chronic intestinal failure secondary to short bowel syndrome. Methods. A group of interdisciplinary experts in the management of chronic intestinal failure was established who, after reviewing the selected literature, met virtually using the Delphi method to discuss a series of selected questions, focused on the therapeutic context of chronic intestinal failure associated with short bowel syndrome. Results. The recommendation of the Colombian expert group is that patients with SBS be advised to consume regular diets of whole foods that generate hyperphagia to compensate malabsorption. Protein and energy needs depend on the individual characteristics of each patient; the adequacy of the regimen must be evaluated through clinical, anthropometric tests and biochemical parameters. The use of somatostatin analogue is suggested, especially in the short term after bowel resection, for patients with high-output jejunostomy in whom fluid and electrolyte management is problematic. In SBS, who are candidates for enterohormonal therapy, Teduglutide is the first choice. Conclusion. There are recommendations on the comprehensive management of intestinal rehabilitation that are widely supported by this consensus and it is important to recognize therapeutic alternatives framed in the principle of good clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Short Bowel Syndrome , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Parenteral Nutrition, Total , Nutrition Programs and Policies , Gastrointestinal Hormones , Intestine, Small
19.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 38(4): 741-746, 20230906. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1511133

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los quistes de duplicación duodenal son malformaciones raras, que ocurren durante el desarrollo embriológico del tracto gastrointestinal. Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso de un niño de tres años, con cuadro clínico de dolor abdominal, náuseas y vómitos. La ecografía y la tomografía computarizada informaron una imagen quística entre el hígado, riñón derecho y colon. Resultados. Se realizó laparoscopia encontrando un quiste de duplicación duodenal con moco en la primera porción del duodeno. Se practicó una resección del quiste y mucosectomía del segmento restante. Conclusión. Los síntomas de un quiste de duplicación duodenal son inespecíficos y su hallazgo frecuentemente es incidental. El tratamiento quirúrgico depende del tamaño, la ubicación y su relación con la vía biliar.


Introduction. Duodenal duplication cysts are rare malformations that occur during the embryological development of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical case. The case of a three-year-old boy with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting is presented. Ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a cyst between the liver, right kidney, and colon. Results. Laparoscopy was performed, finding a duodenal duplication cyst with mucus in the first portion of the duodenum. A resection of the cyst and mucosectomy of the remaining segment were performed. Conclusion. The symptoms of a duodenal duplication cyst are nonspecific and its finding is frequently incidental. Surgical treatment depends on the size, location, and relationship to the bile duct.


Subject(s)
Humans , Congenital Abnormalities , Cysts , Duodenal Diseases , General Surgery , Gastrointestinal Tract , Duodenum
20.
Medwave ; 23(7): e2684, 01-08-2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1511212

ABSTRACT

A 32-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus came to the rheumatology outpatient clinic reporting abdominal pain for a week, along with fever, arthralgias, myalgias, alopecia, asthenia and dyspnea on exertion over the last two months. She was hypotensive and tachycardic, requiring admission to the intensive care unit. She was diagnosed with lupus-related acute pancreatitis, an unusual complication occurring in less than 1% of cases. Most cases are mild and self-limited; however, severe and life-threatening events with multiple organ failure are possible. This article is a case report of lupus-related critical acute pancreatitis, and a literature review.


Mujer de 32 años con lupus eritematoso sistémico acude a consulta externa de reumatología por dolor abdominal de una semana de evolución, además de fiebre, artralgias, mialgias, alopecia, astenia y disnea de esfuerzo de 2 meses de evolución. También presentó hipotensión y taquicardia, por lo que requirió ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Le diagnosticaron pancreatitis aguda relacionada con el lupus, que es una complicación inusual que ocurre en menos del 1% de los pacientes. La mayoría de los casos son leves y autolimitados, sin embargo, es posible que se presenten eventos graves y potencialmente mortales, con disfunción multiorgánica. Este artículo es un reporte de caso de una pancreatitis aguda crítica relacionada con lupus y una revisión de la literatura.

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